2025年2月3日


●　結核　米国
PRO/EDR> Tuberculosis - USA (04): (AK)
Archive Number: 20250203.8721817
　情報源 Alaska Beacon 2025年2月3日
Alaska's tuberculosis rate remains elevated, preliminary figures show
アラスカ州の結核感染の増加Alaska's rates of tuberculosis inched up in 2024 があり、国内でもっとも発生率が高い状態が継続 the state's long pattern of having the nation's highest or nearly highest rates of this respiratory disease している。
The rate of tuberculosis in 2024 was 12.8 per 100 000 people, up from the 2023 rate of 10.5 per 100 000, according to preliminary figures presented at this week's annual summit of the Alaska Public Health Association in Anchorage. 
2025年8月に確定されれば、2024年はこの30年間で3番目に高い発生率となる。
The highest rate over that period was in 2000, at 17.2 per 100 000, and the second highest was in 2022, when a spike in cases drove the statewide rate to 13 per 100 000. 
全米の発生率 the national rate in 2023 は2.9 per 100 000 peopleだった。
関連項目
Tuberculosis - USA (03): (MI, CA) high school exposures 20250202.8721767

●　麻疹　オーストラリア
PRO/EDR> Measles - Australia: (NT) air traveler
Archive Number: 20250203.8721816
　情報源 NT News 2025年2月2日
Measles case passes through Darwin, NT Health issue alert
the greater Darwin region において感染例が確認されたことから、麻疹の症状 signs and symptoms of measles に注意するよう住民ら Territorians に呼びかけられている。
2月2日、Darwin airport 空港を経由した成人の感染者が確認されたと、保健当局 NT Health が注意喚起を行った。この患者は最近東南アジアを旅行していた。
以下の地点に立ち寄っている
Fri 24 Jan 2025:
　- Air North Flight TL160 from Darwin to Cairns (stopover in Gove);
Mon 27 Jan 2025:
　- Air North Flight TL161 from Cairns to Darwin (stopover in Gove);
　- Darwin International Airport arrivals and luggage pickup, 4 p.m. - 5 p.m.
Tue 28 Jan 2025:
　- Mckinnon Snack Bar and Takeaway Berrimah, 9 a.m. - 9:30 a.m.
参考項目 2024
Measles - Australia (03): (NS) 20240305.8715191

●　中毒　ベトナム
PRO/EDR> Poisoning - Viet Nam (02): (NA) children, rat poison
Archive Number: 20250203.8721815
　情報源 VN Express [in Vietnamese] 2025年2月2日
Two children in critical condition after drinking suspected rat poison
9歳と4歳の姉妹が屋外で見つけたピンクの液体のボトルを飲み、嘔吐しけいれんを発症した。Phuc Thanh commune に住む姉妹は、Yen Thanh district Medical Center for emergency treatment in a state of pale skin, vomiting, and constant convulsions に搬送された。医師らは、誤って殺鼠剤を飲んだとみている。
関連項目
Poisoning - Viet Nam: (TQ) rat poison, schoolchildren, RFI 20250125.8721597

●　オロプーシェウイルス　パナマ
PRO/AH/EDR> Oropouche virus - Panama (02): (DA)
Archive Number: 20250203.8721803
　情報源 El Siglo [in Spanish] 2025年2月2日
There are 42 cases of the oropouche virus in Darien. Minsa [Ministry of Health] doubles strategies
オロプーシェウイルス陽性検体 positive samples of the Oropouche virus について the Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies が保健省 The National Epidemiology Department of the Ministry of Health に報告した。解析が行われた99検体のうち、42件が陽性だった。感染していた The identified cases のは、the Metetí, Yaviza, Río Iglesia, and Lajas Blancas districts, Darién province の症例だった。
関連項目
Oropouche virus - Panama 20250129.8721686　

●　デング熱　インドネシア、スーダン（2件）
インドネシア
PRO/AH/EDR> Dengue - Indonesia: (BR) increase, fatal
Archive Number: 20250203.8721813
　情報源 Media Indonesia [in Indonesian] 2025年2月2日
Garut Regency のデング熱感染例 Cases of dengue fever の増加が続いており、January 2025 以降、合計159例 cases が記録され、2例の死亡が発生した。
参考項目 2024
Dengue/DHF update (19): Indonesia (BA) increase 20240415.8715976

スーダン
PRO/AH/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (08): Sudan (RS) increasing incidence, fatal
Archive Number: 20250203.8721799
　情報源 Dabanga Sudan [in Arabic] 1月29日
Langeeb area of Dordep locality of the Red Sea state において、200例以上のデング熱 cases of dengue fever と、5例の死亡が報告されていると、現地の医学情報筋が述べている。
関連項目
Dengue/DHF update (05): Sudan (WK) increasing incidence, fatal, MOH 20250115.8721396

●　ハンセン病　インド
PRO/EDR> Leprosy - India: (MN)
Archive Number: 20250203.8721812
　情報源 ortheast Now 2025年2月2日
Manipur において、9歳の小児が気づかれぬままハンセン病 leprosy を発症していたと、State Leprosy Officer が2日明らかにした。Manipur では新たに12例 new leprosy cases が確認され、the total to 24 cases in the state となった。世界中で毎年20万例の新たな感染例が報告され、インドが60％以上を占めている。
関連項目
Hansen's disease - Ireland: non-autochthonous multibacillary type 20250127.8721647

●　ハンタウイルス　アルゼンチン
PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (02): Argentina (BA)
Archive Number: 20250203.8721794
　情報源 El Diarío Hoy [in Spanish] 2025年2月2日
Alert in La Plata, Berisso y Pergamino: 5 cases of hantavirus [infection] in the province with one confirmed death
different localities in Buenos Aires province and at least one in La Plata において、5例のハンタウイルス感染例 5 cases of hantavirus [infection] が保健当局 The Ministry of Health of Buenos Aires province により確認された。
疫学報告 the Provincial Epidemiological Bulletin, between weeks 1 and 4 of this year [2025], which ended on 25 Jan によると、28例 suspected cases が報告されており、うち5例の感染が確定診断された。2例はいまも入院中で、5例目の45歳の患者が死亡した。

●　ボツリヌス症　ブルガリア
PRO/EDR> Botulism, cosmetic use - Bulgaria: (SF) unregulated usage
Archive Number: 20250203.8721792
[1]　情報源 The Bulgarian National Radio (BNR) [in Bulgarian] 2025年2月2日
At least 11 women have complications after Botox injections
ボツリヌストキシン botulinum toxin 注射を受け、女性11人が傷害を受けた。the Botox の施術者は医学的知識を持っていなかった。3人は特に重症とされている。
[2]　情報源 Traffic News [in Bulgarian] 1月30日
In Pirogov, they saved the life of a woman who suffered complications from Botox
2025年初に Botox 治療を受けた30歳女性は、眼瞼下垂、嚥下困難、筋力低下のため入院となった。The head of the Clinic of Nervous Diseases of Pirogov ,Assoc. Prof. によると、患者は1月8日に美容目的で顔面にボツリヌストキシンを接種されており、"iatrogenic botulism（医原性ボツリヌス症）."と診断された。
[Mod.LL－ 参考文献：Clinical analysis of 86 botulism cases caused by cosmetic injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT). Medicine. 2018;97(34):e10659.]
参考項目 
Botulism, cosmetic use - USA: (NY) unregulated usage 20250202.8721758

●　クリミア・コンゴ出血熱　インド
PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - India: (GJ) fatal
Archive Number: 20250203.8721797
　情報源 The Times of India (TOI), Times News Network (TNN) 2025年1月29日
the Pancheshwar Tower area of Jamnagar [district in Gujarat state] の51歳の住民が27日、クリミア・コンゴ出血熱 Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) により死亡した。the National Institute of Virology (NIV) in Pune に送付された検体で、the CCHF infection が確認された。
参考項目 2024
Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (26): India (RJ) fatal 20241013.8719338

●　腸管侵襲性大腸菌 EIEC　タイ

PRO/EDR> E. coli, enteroinvasive - Thailand: (Loei) wedding meal, 2023
Archive Number: 20250203.8721788
　情報源 Food Safety News 2025年2月2日
More than 150 sick in rare _E. coli_ outbreak in Thailand
タイ初の腸管侵襲性大腸菌感染症アウトブレイク the first enteroinvasive _E. coli_ outbreak in Thailand が報告された。154人が罹患したアウトブレイク An enteroinvasive _E. coli_ (EIEC) outbreak は、結婚式 a wedding in Loei Province で発生した。発症時間の中央値は18時間で、7時間から72時間に及んだ。疫学的証拠により、larb-neua-dib, a spicy ground raw beef salad（生の牛ひき肉のサラダ）が the probable source とされた。

●　鳥インフルエンザ　韓国 H5(2)、インド（3件）
PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (38): South Korea (CN) H5 antigens, duck farm
Archive Number: 20250203.8721814
　情報源 Yonhap News Agency [in Korean] 2025年2月2日
AI antigen detected at Hampyeong duck farm - emergency measures
South Jeolla Province announced on [2 Feb 2025] that it had taken emergency measures after detecting H5 type avian influenza (AI) antigens at a duck farm in Hampyeong-gun.

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (37): South Korea, HPAI H5N1, poultry, bird, WOAH
Archive Number: 20250203.8721801
[1]　情報源 WOAH-WAHIS (World Animal Health Information System) 2025年1月31日
Korea (Rep. of) - High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (poultry) (Inf. with) - Follow up report 5
Started: 29 Oct 2024
Reason for notification: Recurrence of an eradicated disease
Date of last occurrence: 24 May 2024
End date: -
Disease: High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (poultry) (Inf. with)
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory, necropsy
Genotype/serotype/subtype: H5N1
Event status: Ongoing
Quantitative data summary
種/頭数/症例数/死亡/廃棄/処分/ワクチン
Birds (domestic) / 12 06 645 / 2799 / 2199 / 1 204 246 / - / -
[2]　情報源 Korea Sisailbo [in Korean] 1月31日
Highly pathogenic avian influenza confirmed at Gimje Gongdeok laying hen farm
The Jeonbuk Autonomous Province announced at around 6:00 pm on 31 Jan 2025 that highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) was confirmed at a laying hen farm in Gongdeok-myeon, Gimje-si. This is the 30th positive case nationwide.
[3]　情報源 WOAH-WAHIS (World Animal Health Information System) 2025年1月31日
Korea (Rep. of) - Influenza A viruses of high pathogenicity (Inf. with) (non-poultry including wild birds) (2017-) - Follow up report 4
Started: 14 Oct 2024
Reason for notification: Recurrence of an eradicated disease
Date of last occurrence: 8 Feb 2024
End date: -
Disease: Influenza A viruses of high pathogenicity (Inf. with) (non-poultry including wild birds) (2017-)
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory
Genotype/serotype/subtype: H5N1
Event status: Ongoing
Quantitative data summary
種/頭数/症例数/死亡/廃棄/処分/ワクチン
Cinereous Vulture (wild) / - / 1 / 1 / - / - / -
Mandarin Duck (wild) / - / 2 / 1 / - / - / -
Wildlife (species unspecified) (wild) / - / 9 / - / - / -
Northern Pintail (wild) / - / 1 / 1 / - / - / -
Eurasian Wigeon (wild) / - / 2 / 2 / - / - / -
Spot-billed Duck (wild) / - / 1 / 1 / - / - / -
Great Egret (wild) / - / 16 / 16 / - / - / -
Common Pochard (wild) / - / 1 / 1 / - / - / -
Whooper Swan (wild) / - / 1 / 1 / - / - / -
Peregrin falcon (wild) / - / 2 / 2 / - / - / -
Herring Gull (wild) / - / 9 / 8 / - / - / -
All species / - / 37 / 27 / - / - / -
関連項目
Avian influenza (28): South Korea (HB, KB) duck, HPAI H5N1, cull, spread 20250128.8721643

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (36): India (CT) chicken, quail, H5N1
Archive Number: 20250203.8721800
[1]　情報源 2月1日
At least 17 000 chickens and quails were culled in Chhattisgarh's Raigarh after avian influenza was detected at a state-run poultry farm in the district, officials said on Saturday [1 Feb 2025].
[Avian influenza] has been confirmed at a poultry centre in Chhattisgarh's Raigarh district. Officials gave this information on Saturday [1 Feb 2025].
関連項目
Avian influenza (34): India (MH) chicken 20250131.8721720

●　ボツリヌス症、鳥類　ニュージーランド
PRO/AH/EDR> Botulism, avian - New Zealand: (OT, CA) waterfowl
Archive Number: 20250203.8721808
　情報源 RNZ 2025年1月27日
An outbreak of avian botulism in Otago that led to the deaths of about 1000 waterfowl at the Waikouaiti wastewater treatment plant has been followed by another suspected outbreak in Timaru [Canterbury Region].
The majority of the dead birds collected so far were paradise shelduck, a native taonga species which traditionally used oxidation ponds at the treatment plant as a moulting site, it said.
参考項目 
Botulism, avian - Australia: (NS) pelican 20250114.8721355

●　Camp Hill henipavirus　米国

PRO/AH/EDR> Camp Hill henipavirus - USA: (AL) 2021
Archive Number: 20250203.8721777
　情報源 Emerging Infectious Diseases（EID）2025年1月17日
原著タイトル Henipavirus in northern short-tailed shrew, Alabama, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2025;31(2). 
Abstract
RNA metagenomic analysis of tissues from 4 wild-caught northern short-tailed shrews [_Blarina brevicauda_] in Alabama, USA, revealed a novel henipavirus (family Paramyxoviridae). Phylogenetic analysis supported the placement of the virus within the shrew henipavirus clade, related to human-infecting shrewborne henipaviruses. Our study results highlight the presence of henipavirus infections in North America.
The 2 most notable henipaviruses are Hendra virus and Nipah virus. Hendra virus, first identified in Australia, has caused outbreaks with mortality rates up to 70% (1). Nipah virus has been linked with numerous outbreaks in Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysia and Bangladesh, with case-fatality rates estimated at 40%-75% (1), depending on surveillance and clinical management.
In 2018, researchers identified a novel henipavirus, Langya virus (LayV), in patients from China's Shandong and Henan Provinces (2). A total of 35 persons were infected with LayV, displaying such symptoms as fever, fatigue, cough and, in some cases, impaired liver or kidney function. No fatalities have been reported thus far. Most investigators believe the primary reservoir host for LayV to be shrews, but the virus has also been detected in goats and dogs, indicating a wide potential host range.
In 2021, researchers conducting a mammalian longevity study captured 4 northern short-tailed shrews (_Blarina brevicauda_; order: Eulipotyphla; family: Soricidae) in the wild at Camp Hill, Auburn, Alabama, USA (3). Technicians dissected and froze skin, heart, kidney, liver, and brain samples for subsequent analysis. We pulverized the frozen tissues under liquid nitrogen and subjected them to RNA extraction. We then treated the RNA with deoxyribonuclease, purified the treated sample, and sequenced the RNA.
We noted the largest predicted protein sequence from this contig to be most closely related to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Ninorex virus identified from Eurasian pygmy shrew (_Sorex minutus_) kidney samples in Belgium (4) and _Chodsigoa hypsibia_ henipavirus from the De Winton's shrew in China (5). Given the divergence from the closest relative, host species, and geographic location, we named the putative virus Camp Hill virus (CHV). CHV reads across all shrews were positive only in kidney tissues, suggesting renal tropism.
The discovery of a novel henipavirus in _B. brevicauda_ shrews highlights the potential of this shrew species as a zoonotic reservoir, capable of harboring multiple viruses that pose a risk to humans. Of note, the _B. brevicauda_ shrew is a known host of Camp Ripley virus (genus _Orthohantavirus_) (6,7), a viral genus associated with severe human disease. Camp Ripley virus was abundant in tissues from all the individual shrews analyzed, suggesting mixed co-infections of hantaviruses and henipaviruses in the shrews we studied. In addition, a prior report has implicated _B. brevicauda_ shrews as reservoir for Powassan virus (genus _Orthoflavivirus_) (8), capable of causing life-threatening encephalitis.
The northern short-tailed shrew is widely distributed across central and eastern North America, from southern Saskatchewan to the Atlantic provinces of Canada and south to northern Arkansas and Georgia in the United States (Appendix Figure 2). Despite their solitary nature, short-tailed shrews are territorial and highly active, commonly found in rural and urban areas near livestock, agricultural settings, and human populations. Although the shrews have large home ranges that sometimes overlap with human activity, they typically inhabit woodland areas with >50% herbaceous cover (9), making direct encounters with humans uncommon.
Given the high case-fatality rates associated with henipaviruses, detection of CHV in North America raises concerns about past and potential future spillover events. Further investigation is needed into the potential for human infection and strategies for mitigating transmission. Our findings help elucidate the prevalence and geographic distribution of CHV in _B. brevicauda_ shrews. The exact transmission mechanisms of shrew henipaviruses remain unclear, but direct contact with infected animals or their excreta poses a risk to humans.
[Mod.TY－ This is the first report of a henipavirus in North America detected in short-tailed shrews. Because Camp Hill virus is related taxonomically to human pathogens Hendra, Nipah, and Langya viruses, further studies are needed to determine if there is evidence of infection of humans or other vertebrate animals in the locality where the virus was encountered in Alabama. It would also be of interest to determine the shrew-virus relationship to see if a chronic infection is established and if virus shedding in urine, saliva, and feces occurs. The challenge for conducting the needed laboratory experiments is maintaining shrews in captivity, since their high metabolic rate makes them extremely difficult to keep alive in captivity. Since human susceptibility to the virus is unknown, there is a question about the level of biocontainment needed to carry out such experiments.]