● ウエストナイルウイルス アルジェリア
RO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (27): Algeria (BT)
Archive Number: 20231009.8712545
情報源 Al-Nahar Online [in Arabic] 2023年10月8日
the state of Batna の各医療機関で11例のウエストナイルウイルス感染例 confirmed cases of West Nile fever が確認され，ほか several other suspected cases について the Pasteur Institute tests の検査の結果がまた荒れている。患者の年齢は小児から成人に至っている。
● クリミア・コンゴ出血熱 パキスタン
PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (30): Pakistan (BA)
Archive Number: 20231009.8712542
情報源 Urdu Point 2023年10月5日
Quetta で5日新たなクリミア・コンゴ出血熱 A new case of Congo virus が報告され，病院関係者 Fatimah Jinnah Chest Hospital Quetta officials が明らかにした。Ghausabad 在住の30歳が出血と発熱の症状で病院に運ばれ，血液検査で診断された。
As many as 37 cases of Congo virus have been reported in Balochistan since January 2023 while 13 people have so far died of the deadly CCHF virus.
● 鳥インフルエンザ，ヒト カンボジア H5N1（2件）
PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (23): Cambodia (PY) H5N1, fatal, dead poultry, RFI
Archive Number: 20231009.8712541
[1] 情報源 Agence Kampuchea Presse (AKP) 10月9日
Another [fatal] case of H5N1 avian influenza has been found in a 2-year old girl living in Chmar Lot village, South Snong commune, Kamchay Mear district, Prey Veng province, according to an announcement of the Ministry of Health released tonight [9 Oct 2023].
[2] 情報源 Kampuchea Thmey Daily [in Khmer] 10月9日
On the night of 9 Oct 2023, the Ministry of Health of the Kingdom of Cambodia announced that a 2-year-old girl living in Chhma Lod village, South Snoung commune, Kamchay Mear district, Prey Veng province had died and was confirmed positive for bird flu (H5N1).
PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (22): Cambodia (SR) H5N1, fatal, RFI
Archive Number: 20231009.8712525
情報源 Agence Kampuchea Presse (AKP) - Cambodia 2023年10月8日
Tras commune, Romeas Hek district, Svay Rieng province 在住の50歳男性が鳥インフルエンザ H5N1 avian influenza により死亡したと，8日保健省 the Ministry of Health in a press release が明らかにした。10月7日に H5N1 陽性が確認された。
This is the 2nd case of H5N1 this year [2023], and the 58th person to be infected with the virus in Cambodia since 2005, it pointed out.
関連項目
Avian influenza, human (07): Cambodia (PY) H5N1, endemic clade, negative contacts 20230227.8708621
● 東部ウマ脳炎 米国
PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (13): USA (GA)
Archive Number: 20231009.8712517
情報源 WSBTV News 2023年10月6日
ジョージア州の保健当局 Georgia's Southwest Health District が a single, isolated human case of Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE，東部ウマ脳炎) が確認されたと recent reports by the Department of Public Health (DPH) で明らかにした
● エムポックス 英国，ベトナム
PRO/AH/EDR> Mpox update (42): UK, Viet Nam
Archive Number: 20231009.8712516
[1] 英国 UK: Mpox outbreak: epidemiological overview
情報源 UK Health and Security Agency 2023年10月5日
Between 2018 and 2021 の間の英国のエムポックスは7例。
Current epidemiological situation up to 30 Sep 2023
Up to 31 Dec 2022 there were 3732 confirmed and highly probable mpox cases reported in the UK. Of these, 3553 were in England, 34 were in Northern Ireland, 97 were in Scotland and 48 were in Wales.
[2] ベトナム Viet Nam: HCMC confirms 5th mpox case
情報源 VN Express 10月3日
A 22-year-old man in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) has been confirmed to have mpox, making him the 5th case in the city and the 6th in Viet Nam. The man came to have his health checked at the HCMC Hospital for Tropical Diseases on Monday after developing suspected symptoms and the test result arrived later confirmed him as positive for mpox.
● COVID-19（22）
PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (31): BA.2.86 & EG.5, selected regions, vaccines, WHO, global
Archive Number: 20231009.8712522
[1] 亜変異株 Subvariants: pirola (BA.2.86) and eris (EG.5)
[A] 英国 New COVID strain pirola now "in most regions in UK" as PHA issues statement
情報源 Belfast Live 2023年10月3日
The COVID-19 variant BA.2.86 is also known as pirola and is fast becoming the dominant strain. It has more than 30 different mutations
"The latest variant report published by UKHSA online provides further information about novel SARS-CoV-2 variants including BA.2.86."
Symptoms of the COVID pirola strain:
- Sneezing（くしゃみ）
- Sore throat（咽頭痛）
- Headache（頭痛）
- Runny nose（鼻水）
- Mild or severe fatigue（軽度～重度の倦怠感）
デンマーク，スウェーデン，米国，ポルトガル，南アフリカ，カナダ，イスラエル，英国など少なくも8か国で確認されている。BA.2.86 は2023年8月に英国ではじめて確認されこれまでに54例が発生したが，これまで死者は確認されていない。
[B] What's the difference between pirola, eris and pi? COVID variants explained
情報源 The Independent 9月7日
Pirola
Pirola, or BA.2.86, is the latest omicron variant to appear this summer [2023], with 34 more mutations than the BA.2, according to virologist Professor Lawrence Young.
Eris
A descendant of omicron, eris, or EG.5.1, was first classified as a variant by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 9 Aug 2023. It is the 2nd most prevalent variant in the UK after arcturus, XBB.1.16, and the most common variant in the United States, according to the CDC.
Pi
Pi, or BA.6, is another variant of omicron. It has been sequenced so far only in Denmark and Israel since 24 Jul 2023.
What are the symptoms?
All 3 variants are strains of omicron. According to the ZOE Health Study, the 5 most common symptoms of omicron are:
- Runny nose，Headache，Fatigue (mild or severe)，Sneezing，Sore throat
（ほか，下痢，眼の炎症，発疹）
How worried should we be?
[2] Selected countries/regions
[A] 米国 US households can now order 4 free COVID tests from the government -- latest guidelines：The Independent 10月7日
[B] COVID in Europe: vaccine booster campaigns start as cases rise：Euronews Next 10月3日
欧州各国の接種勧奨対象など
[C] 日本 Japan's schools face double whammy of the flu and COVID-19：The Japan Times 9月25日
[D] フィリピン Philippines: DOH logs 226 new COVID-19 cases, highest daily tally in 7 weeks: GMA Network 10月5日
[E] オーストラリア COVID-19 outbreaks in Australian residential aged care facilities: Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care 10月6日
[F] ニュージーランド New Zealand: 2998 new cases, 18 deaths attributed to virus: Radio New Zealand 9月25日
[3] ワクチン Vaccines
[A] COVID boosters are back: what scientists say about whether to get one
情報源 Nature News 2023年9月12日
...
To boost or not to boost
低リスクの人々にとって，そもそもそのリスクのない重症化に対する予防効果を追加接種は必ずしも与えない。しかし感染をブロックはしないが，感染の速度を抑え delay SARS-CoV-2 infection ，感染伝播の減少につながる可能性がある。
新たな変化株の新興 the rise of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the highly mutated omicron descendant BA.2.86 がもう1つの complicating factor となっている。
Reassuring results
[B] FDA authorizes updated Novavax COVID-19 vaccine formulated to better protect against currently circulating variants
情報源 US Food and Drug Administration 2023年10月3日
[4] WHO weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19
情報源 World Health Organization 2023年9月29日
Overview
Globally, the number of new cases decreased by 55% during the 28-day period of 28 Aug 2023 to 24 September 2023 as compared to the previous 28-day period, with over 685 000 new cases reported.
...XBB.1.5 and XBB.1.16 have been decreasing in prevalence globally. XBB.1.5 accounted for 8.6% of sequences in week 36, a decrease from 12% in week 32. Similarly, XBB.1.6 accounted for 23.5% of sequences in week 32 and 18.9% in week 36.
関連項目
COVID-19 update (30): omicron EG.5.1, updates, WHO, global 20230815.8711701
● ジフテリア 新種
PRO/AH/EDR> Diphtheria - Corynebacterium ramonii: new species with cases from 1950s
Archive Number: 20231008.8712514
[1] 情報源 Institute Pasteur [in French] 2023年10月6日
ジフテリア diphtheria の原因菌となりうる，新たなコリネバクテリウム属の菌 a new bacterial species, from the _Corynebacteria_ family が A team from the Pasteur Institute により報告された。これまで他の菌と混同されていたが，今回の発見でより疾患の予防が確実に行えるようになることが期待される...ジフテリアのほとんどがジフテリア菌_Corynebacterium diphtheriae_ によるが，researchers at the Pasteur Institute らが最近，ジフテリアの原因となる a new bacterial species を発見し，_Corynebacterium ramoniiと命名した...これまでは，同じくジフテリアの原因となる他の another bacteria, _C. ulcerans と混同されていた。
Better understand _Corynebacteria_ to better monitor them
A tribute to Gaston Ramon
[2] 情報源 Research in Microbiology September - October 2023
原著タイトル _Corynebacterium ramonii_ sp. nov., a novel toxigenic member of the _Corynebacterium diphtheriae_ species complex. Research in Microbiology, 104113
Abstract
The _Corynebacterium diphtheriae_ species complex comprises 7 bacterial species, including _Corynebacterium ulcerans_, a zoonotic pathogen from multiple animal species.
今回，isolates belonging to 2 _C. ulcerans_ lineages の表現型と遺伝型について記述する we characterise phenotypically and genotypically. 系統発生学的解析, in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) and MALDI-TOF spectra の結果，lineage 2 は _C. ulcerans_ lineage 1 と異なることが示された。同時に異なる感染伝播動態 their distinct transmission dynamics (probable human-to-human vs animal-to-human) が示され，lineage 2 is a separate _Corynebacterium_ species, which we propose to name _Corynebacterium ramonii_.
This species is of particular medical interest considering that its human-to-human transmission（ヒト-ヒト感染）is likely, and that some _C. ramonii_ isolates carry the diphtheria toxin gene（トキシン遺伝子）
● 流行性出血病 フランス，ウシ
PRO/AH/EDR> Epizootic hemorrhagic disease, cattle - France (03): 53 outbreaks
Archive Number: 20231009.8712544
情報源 Actu.fr [in French] 2023年10月9日
The number of outbreaks of epizootic hemorrhagic disease [EHD，流行性出血病] has almost tripled in a few days in Occitania. Almost the entire region is now under surveillance.
● ブルータング ベルギー，オランダ
PRO/AH/EDR> Bluetongue - Europe (13): Belgium (AN) st 3, suspected, RFI
Archive Number: 20231009.8712543
情報源 GVA [in Dutch] 2023年10月9日
Symptoms of bluetongue have appeared on a sheep farm in the Noorderkempen [Antwerp Province].
PRO/AH/EDR> Bluetongue - Europe (12): Netherlands, st 3, 1000 farms, vaccine
Archive Number: 20231008.8712515
[1] 情報源 NOS [in Dutch] 2023年10月6日
The number of infections with bluetongue on farms is still rising rapidly. The most recent overview from the Dutch Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA) shows that there are now almost 800 affected locations. Most infections are in the center and northwest of the country.
[2] 情報源 Dutch News 10月6日
The number of farms affected by the infectious cattle disease bluetongue has risen to 1000, product safety board NVWA has said.
関連項目
Bluetongue - Europe (11): Netherlands, 319 farms, Goois Nature Reserve 20230930.8712380
● 鳥インフルエンザ ブラジル，米国
PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (150): Americas (Brazil) H5N1, marine mammal
Archive Number: 20231009.8712538
情報源 G1 Globo [in Portuguese] 2023年10月7日
A 2nd outbreak of avian influenza in mammals has been detected in Brazil. The case was recorded on Hermenegildo beach, in the municipality of Santa Vitória do Palmar, on the southern coast of Rio Grande do Sul, and affected the South American sea lions and fur seals, according to information made available this Saturday [7 Oct 2023] at the website of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock.
PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (149): Americas (USA) poultry
Archive Number: 20231009.8712529
情報源 Reuters 2023年10月6日
米国内で4月以来となる家きん飼育場での鳥インフルエンザ its 1st case of avian flu on a commercial poultry farm since April の発生が確認された。サウスダコタ州のシチメンチョウの群れ a flock of 47 300 turkeys in Jerauld County, South Dakota で確認されと，the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) が明らかにした
● ポテトの病気，Basses richesses ドイツ
PRO/PL> Basses richesses, potato - Germany: new global host record
Archive Number: 20231009.8712531
情報源 European Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) Reporting Service 09/2023/209
"Syndrome des basses richesses" [SBR] is an emerging disease of sugar beet (_Beta vulgaris_) in the EPPO region. It is mainly associated with the γ-proteobacterium _Candidatus_ Arsenophonus phytopathogenicus, transmitted by the planthopper _Pentastiridius leporinus_. In some cases, _Ca._ Phytoplasma solani has also been detected, but its role remains to be clarified.
In 2020 and 2021, potato (_Solanum tuberosum_) fields infested with planthoppers and showing leaf yellowing, wilting and rubbery tubers were observed in Germany. Molecular tests confirmed the presence of _Ca._ A. phytopathogenicus in diseased potato plants and in _P. leporinus_. This is the first time that potato is reported to be a host of both the proteobacterium and its vector.
● 狂犬病 米国
PRO/AH/EDR> Rabies (39): North America (USA) otter, fox, dog, human exp
Archive Number: 20231009.8712530
[1] Florida: otter, dog, human exposure
情報源 CBS News 2023年9月25日
A wild otter faced off with a dog and person off Marlin Drive in Jupiter over the weekend, biting both. After being caught by Animal Care and Control, the Florida Department of Health (FDOH) Laboratory confirmed the aquatic mammal was positive for rabies
[2] South Carolina: fox, human exposure
情報源 South Carolina Dept of Health & Environmental Control 2023年10月5日
The South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) confirmed a fox found near South Deepwood and South Persimmon Ford Roads in Johnsonville, South Carolina, has tested positive for rabies.